15 Top Documentaries About Free Evolution
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What is Free Evolution?
Free evolution is the concept that natural processes can cause organisms to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species and alteration of the appearance of existing ones.
This is evident in numerous examples, including stickleback fish varieties that can live in fresh or saltwater and walking stick insect varieties that prefer specific host plants. These mostly reversible traits permutations cannot explain fundamental changes to basic body plans.
Evolution through Natural Selection
Scientists have been fascinated by the evolution of all living creatures that live on our planet for ages. The best-established explanation is Charles Darwin's natural selection process, an evolutionary process that is triggered when more well-adapted individuals live longer and reproduce more successfully than those who are less well adapted. Over time, a community of well-adapted individuals increases and eventually forms a whole new species.
Natural selection is an ongoing process that involves the interaction of three elements including inheritance, variation, and reproduction. Variation is caused by mutations and sexual reproduction, both of which increase the genetic diversity of the species. Inheritance is the passing of a person's genetic characteristics to his or her offspring, which includes both dominant and recessive alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing fertile, viable offspring. This can be accomplished by both asexual or sexual methods.
Natural selection is only possible when all of these factors are in equilibrium. For instance the case where an allele that is dominant at the gene allows an organism to live and reproduce more often than the recessive allele the dominant allele will become more prevalent in the population. If the allele confers a negative survival advantage or reduces the fertility of the population, it will disappear. This process is self-reinforcing meaning that an organism with an adaptive characteristic will live and reproduce much more than those with a maladaptive feature. The more offspring an organism produces the more fit it is that is determined by its ability to reproduce itself and survive. People with good traits, like having a long neck in giraffes, or bright white color patterns on male peacocks are more likely than others to live and reproduce and 에볼루션 바카라 체험 eventually lead to them becoming the majority.
Natural selection only acts on populations, 에볼루션 바카라 not on individual organisms. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution, which states that animals acquire traits through use or neglect. If a giraffe expands its neck in order to catch prey, and the neck becomes longer, then the children will inherit this characteristic. The difference in neck size between generations will continue to increase until the giraffe becomes unable to reproduce with other giraffes.
Evolution through Genetic Drift
Genetic drift occurs when alleles from a gene are randomly distributed within a population. At some point, one will reach fixation (become so widespread that it cannot be eliminated by natural selection) and other alleles will fall to lower frequency. This can result in dominance in extreme. The other alleles are basically eliminated and heterozygosity has diminished to a minimum. In a small population this could lead to the complete elimination of recessive gene. This scenario is known as a bottleneck effect and it is typical of the kind of evolutionary process that occurs when a large number of people migrate to form a new group.
A phenotypic bottleneck may occur when the survivors of a disaster like an epidemic or a massive hunting event, are concentrated in a limited area. The survivors will share an allele that is dominant and will have the same phenotype. This could be caused by earthquakes, war or even a plague. Regardless of the cause, the genetically distinct population that remains is susceptible to genetic drift.
Walsh Lewens, Walsh and Ariew define drift as a departure from expected values due to differences in fitness. They provide the famous case of twins who are both genetically identical and share the same phenotype. However, one is struck by lightning and dies, but the other lives to reproduce.
This type of drift can play a significant role in the evolution of an organism. This isn't the only method for evolution. Natural selection is the main alternative, in which mutations and migration keep the phenotypic diversity of the population.
Stephens argues that there is a big difference between treating drift as a force, or a cause and treating other causes of evolution such as selection, mutation, and migration as forces or causes. He claims that a causal-process model of drift allows us to differentiate it from other forces, and this distinction is crucial. He also claims that drift has a direction: that is it tends to eliminate heterozygosity, and that it also has a specific magnitude which is determined by population size.
Evolution through Lamarckism
Biology students in high school are often introduced to Jean-Baptiste Lemarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution is commonly called "Lamarckism" and it states that simple organisms grow into more complex organisms by the inherited characteristics which result from an organism's natural activities, use and disuse. Lamarckism is usually illustrated with an image of a giraffe that extends its neck to reach higher up in the trees. This would cause giraffes to give their longer necks to offspring, who would then get taller.
Lamarck was a French Zoologist. In his opening lecture for his course on invertebrate zoology held at the Museum of Natural History in Paris on the 17th May 1802, he presented a groundbreaking concept that radically challenged previous thinking about organic transformation. In his view living things evolved from inanimate matter via a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the only one to suggest that this could be the case but the general consensus is that he was the one being the one who gave the subject its first broad and comprehensive analysis.
The dominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were competing in the 19th century. Darwinism eventually won and led to the creation of what biologists now call the Modern Synthesis. This theory denies acquired characteristics are passed down from generation to generation and instead, it claims that organisms evolve through the influence of environment factors, such as Natural Selection.
Lamarck and his contemporaries supported the idea that acquired characters could be passed down to future generations. However, this notion was never a key element of any of their evolutionary theories. This is largely due to the fact that it was never tested scientifically.
But it is now more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age genomics there is a vast body of evidence supporting the heritability of acquired traits. This is referred to as "neo Lamarckism", or more generally epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as valid as the popular neodarwinian model.
Evolution through Adaptation
One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is that it is being driven by a struggle to survive. In fact, this view is a misrepresentation of natural selection and ignores the other forces that determine the rate of evolution. The fight for survival is better described as a fight to survive in a certain environment. This can be a challenge for not just other living things as well as the physical surroundings themselves.
To understand how evolution works it is beneficial to think about what adaptation is. The term "adaptation" refers to any specific feature that allows an organism to live and 에볼루션 슬롯게임 슬롯 (bbs.Darkml.Net) reproduce in its environment. It could be a physiological feature, such as fur or feathers or a behavioral characteristic like moving into the shade in the heat or leaving at night to avoid the cold.
The survival of an organism depends on its ability to extract energy from the environment and to interact with other organisms and their physical environments. The organism needs to have the right genes to create offspring, and must be able to locate sufficient food and other resources. The organism must be able to reproduce itself at the rate that is suitable for its niche.
These factors, along with gene flow and mutation can result in an alteration in the percentage of alleles (different types of a gene) in the gene pool of a population. Over time, this change in allele frequencies can result in the development of new traits and eventually new species.
A lot of the traits we appreciate in animals and plants are adaptations. For example, lungs or gills that extract oxygen from the air feathers and fur for insulation, long legs to run away from predators and camouflage for hiding. However, a thorough understanding of adaptation requires paying attention to the distinction between behavioral and physiological traits.
Physiological adaptations like thick fur or gills, are physical characteristics, whereas behavioral adaptations, like the tendency to search for companions or to move to the shade during hot weather, aren't. It is also important to keep in mind that the absence of planning doesn't result in an adaptation. In fact, failure to think about the implications of a behavior can make it unadaptive despite the fact that it may appear to be reasonable or even essential.
Free evolution is the concept that natural processes can cause organisms to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species and alteration of the appearance of existing ones.
This is evident in numerous examples, including stickleback fish varieties that can live in fresh or saltwater and walking stick insect varieties that prefer specific host plants. These mostly reversible traits permutations cannot explain fundamental changes to basic body plans.Evolution through Natural Selection
Scientists have been fascinated by the evolution of all living creatures that live on our planet for ages. The best-established explanation is Charles Darwin's natural selection process, an evolutionary process that is triggered when more well-adapted individuals live longer and reproduce more successfully than those who are less well adapted. Over time, a community of well-adapted individuals increases and eventually forms a whole new species.
Natural selection is an ongoing process that involves the interaction of three elements including inheritance, variation, and reproduction. Variation is caused by mutations and sexual reproduction, both of which increase the genetic diversity of the species. Inheritance is the passing of a person's genetic characteristics to his or her offspring, which includes both dominant and recessive alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing fertile, viable offspring. This can be accomplished by both asexual or sexual methods.
Natural selection is only possible when all of these factors are in equilibrium. For instance the case where an allele that is dominant at the gene allows an organism to live and reproduce more often than the recessive allele the dominant allele will become more prevalent in the population. If the allele confers a negative survival advantage or reduces the fertility of the population, it will disappear. This process is self-reinforcing meaning that an organism with an adaptive characteristic will live and reproduce much more than those with a maladaptive feature. The more offspring an organism produces the more fit it is that is determined by its ability to reproduce itself and survive. People with good traits, like having a long neck in giraffes, or bright white color patterns on male peacocks are more likely than others to live and reproduce and 에볼루션 바카라 체험 eventually lead to them becoming the majority.
Natural selection only acts on populations, 에볼루션 바카라 not on individual organisms. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution, which states that animals acquire traits through use or neglect. If a giraffe expands its neck in order to catch prey, and the neck becomes longer, then the children will inherit this characteristic. The difference in neck size between generations will continue to increase until the giraffe becomes unable to reproduce with other giraffes.
Evolution through Genetic Drift
Genetic drift occurs when alleles from a gene are randomly distributed within a population. At some point, one will reach fixation (become so widespread that it cannot be eliminated by natural selection) and other alleles will fall to lower frequency. This can result in dominance in extreme. The other alleles are basically eliminated and heterozygosity has diminished to a minimum. In a small population this could lead to the complete elimination of recessive gene. This scenario is known as a bottleneck effect and it is typical of the kind of evolutionary process that occurs when a large number of people migrate to form a new group.
A phenotypic bottleneck may occur when the survivors of a disaster like an epidemic or a massive hunting event, are concentrated in a limited area. The survivors will share an allele that is dominant and will have the same phenotype. This could be caused by earthquakes, war or even a plague. Regardless of the cause, the genetically distinct population that remains is susceptible to genetic drift.
Walsh Lewens, Walsh and Ariew define drift as a departure from expected values due to differences in fitness. They provide the famous case of twins who are both genetically identical and share the same phenotype. However, one is struck by lightning and dies, but the other lives to reproduce.
This type of drift can play a significant role in the evolution of an organism. This isn't the only method for evolution. Natural selection is the main alternative, in which mutations and migration keep the phenotypic diversity of the population.
Stephens argues that there is a big difference between treating drift as a force, or a cause and treating other causes of evolution such as selection, mutation, and migration as forces or causes. He claims that a causal-process model of drift allows us to differentiate it from other forces, and this distinction is crucial. He also claims that drift has a direction: that is it tends to eliminate heterozygosity, and that it also has a specific magnitude which is determined by population size.
Evolution through Lamarckism
Biology students in high school are often introduced to Jean-Baptiste Lemarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution is commonly called "Lamarckism" and it states that simple organisms grow into more complex organisms by the inherited characteristics which result from an organism's natural activities, use and disuse. Lamarckism is usually illustrated with an image of a giraffe that extends its neck to reach higher up in the trees. This would cause giraffes to give their longer necks to offspring, who would then get taller.
Lamarck was a French Zoologist. In his opening lecture for his course on invertebrate zoology held at the Museum of Natural History in Paris on the 17th May 1802, he presented a groundbreaking concept that radically challenged previous thinking about organic transformation. In his view living things evolved from inanimate matter via a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the only one to suggest that this could be the case but the general consensus is that he was the one being the one who gave the subject its first broad and comprehensive analysis.
The dominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were competing in the 19th century. Darwinism eventually won and led to the creation of what biologists now call the Modern Synthesis. This theory denies acquired characteristics are passed down from generation to generation and instead, it claims that organisms evolve through the influence of environment factors, such as Natural Selection.
Lamarck and his contemporaries supported the idea that acquired characters could be passed down to future generations. However, this notion was never a key element of any of their evolutionary theories. This is largely due to the fact that it was never tested scientifically.
But it is now more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age genomics there is a vast body of evidence supporting the heritability of acquired traits. This is referred to as "neo Lamarckism", or more generally epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as valid as the popular neodarwinian model.
Evolution through Adaptation
One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is that it is being driven by a struggle to survive. In fact, this view is a misrepresentation of natural selection and ignores the other forces that determine the rate of evolution. The fight for survival is better described as a fight to survive in a certain environment. This can be a challenge for not just other living things as well as the physical surroundings themselves.
To understand how evolution works it is beneficial to think about what adaptation is. The term "adaptation" refers to any specific feature that allows an organism to live and 에볼루션 슬롯게임 슬롯 (bbs.Darkml.Net) reproduce in its environment. It could be a physiological feature, such as fur or feathers or a behavioral characteristic like moving into the shade in the heat or leaving at night to avoid the cold.
The survival of an organism depends on its ability to extract energy from the environment and to interact with other organisms and their physical environments. The organism needs to have the right genes to create offspring, and must be able to locate sufficient food and other resources. The organism must be able to reproduce itself at the rate that is suitable for its niche.
These factors, along with gene flow and mutation can result in an alteration in the percentage of alleles (different types of a gene) in the gene pool of a population. Over time, this change in allele frequencies can result in the development of new traits and eventually new species.
A lot of the traits we appreciate in animals and plants are adaptations. For example, lungs or gills that extract oxygen from the air feathers and fur for insulation, long legs to run away from predators and camouflage for hiding. However, a thorough understanding of adaptation requires paying attention to the distinction between behavioral and physiological traits.
Physiological adaptations like thick fur or gills, are physical characteristics, whereas behavioral adaptations, like the tendency to search for companions or to move to the shade during hot weather, aren't. It is also important to keep in mind that the absence of planning doesn't result in an adaptation. In fact, failure to think about the implications of a behavior can make it unadaptive despite the fact that it may appear to be reasonable or even essential.
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